Nkumutwara wurugendo rwanyuma rwubuzima, guhitamo ibiti by isanduku ntabwo bifitanye isano gusa nibikorwa bifatika kandi biramba, ahubwo binagaragaza imigenzo yo gushyingura, imyumvire yibidukikije ndetse nubukungu bwubukungu bwakarere. Vuba aha, afatanije n’ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’umwaka wa 280 - {
Kugeza ubu, ibiti byo mu isanduku ku isi bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu: ibiti byoroshye, ibiti n’ibiti bitangiza ibidukikije. Ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite itandukaniro rikomeye mubukomere, kurwanya ruswa, igiciro hamwe nibisabwa. Softwood, ihagarariwe na pinusi, firimu na spuce, niyo ihitamo cyane mumasoko yo gushyingura i Burayi. Muri byo, pinusi ni yo nzira ya mbere ku miryango isanzwe yo muri Otirishiya no mu bindi bihugu bitewe n'uburemere bwayo bworoshye, gutunganya byoroshye kandi bihendutse - igiciro cyo gutangira isanduku y’ibiti bya pinusi muri Otirishiya ni amayero 900, ibyo bikaba bihuye n’amabwiriza y’ibanze avuga ko "gutwika imirambo bigomba gukorwa hamwe n’isanduku", hamwe n’ibikorwa by’ibiciro bidasanzwe. Umuriro n'ibiti, hamwe nubushuhe bwa kamere hamwe na antibacterial, akenshi bikoreshwa mugihe ibintu bigomba kubikwa igihe kirekire. Kimwe n'isanduku ya "ikirere - umupadiri wumye" mummy muri Otirishiya, imishwi y'ibiti n'ibiti by'ibiti byuzuye imbere nayo iba imwe mu nkunga ikomeye umubiri ubungabungwa imyaka 280.
Hardwood, yibanda ku isoko ryo hejuru - isoko ryanyuma nigiciro cyo gukusanya, igizwe ahanini na oak, mahogany na walnut. Igiti kirakomeye, cyangirika - cyihanganira, nticyoroshye guhinduka, gifite ubwiza kandi bwiza, kandi nikintu gisanzwe kubanyacyubahiro bo muburayi kandi - kurangiza imihango yo gushyingura. Igiciro cyacyo kiri hejuru cyane yicy'ibiti byoroheje, kandi igiciro cyamaboko - cyakozwe mu isanduku ya oak gishobora kugera ku ma euro ibihumbi. Mahogany, hamwe nuburyo bwuzuye, butukura - urumuri rwijimye kandi rworoshye, rwahindutse ibikoresho byerekana isanduku ndende -. Walnut, kubera kuyitunganya byoroshye kandi byoroshye, hejuru yubururu, akenshi bikoreshwa mugushushanya no gushushanya isanduku yabigenewe kugirango yerekane ibyo ukeneye. Byongeye kandi, ubuvumvu bwiburayi, nkigiti cyingenzi - igiti cyibabi cyiburayi, nacyo gikoreshwa mugukora isanduku. Ifite imiterere myiza nuburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya, ariko irwanya ruswa ni rusange kandi ikenera imiti idasanzwe yo kurwanya - mbere yo kuyikoresha.
Hamwe nogukomeza ibitekerezo byo kurengera ibidukikije, ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije byahindutse buhoro buhoro inzira nshya mubikorwa byo gushyingura. Kugeza ubu, ibiti nyamukuru byangiza ibidukikije birimo FSC - byemejwe neza ibiti bikomeye, ibiti by'imigano, pulp - ibiti byakandagiye hamwe na mycelium -. Muri byo, ibiti biramba bikomeza kurinda ibidukikije inkomoko binyuze mu cyemezo gikomeye cyo gucunga amashyamba, kugabanya kwangiza amashyamba karemano; ibiti by'imigano bifite igihe gito cyo gukura, gushya gukomeye no kuramba, bikwiranye no gushyingura ibidukikije; mycelium - ibiti bishingiye birashobora kwangirika rwose mugihe cyibyumweru bike bitanduye umwanda, byerekana guca - igisubizo cyo gushyingura ibidukikije. Otirishiya kandi yateje imbere ibiti by'isanduku yangiza ibidukikije mu myaka yashize, ishishikariza abantu guhitamo ibikoresho birambye, kuringaniza imigenzo no kurengera ibidukikije.
Umunyamakuru yamenye ko guhitamo ibiti by'isanduku bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'umuco w'akarere ndetse n'ikirere. Muri Otirishiya, usibye ibikoresho byingenzi nka pinusi, uturere tumwe na tumwe turacyafite umuco wo gukora isanduku hamwe n’ibiti byihariye byaho. Ibiti by'isanduku ntabwo ari ibikoresho gusa ku mubiri, ahubwo binatwara abenegihugu kwibuka abapfuye no kubaha ubuzima. Mu bindi bihugu by’Uburayi, nk'Ubudage n'Ubufaransa, oak na linden bikoreshwa cyane. Muri byo, linden, kubera imiterere yayo yoroshye kandi yoroshye kandi ntibyoroshye kumeneka, ikoreshwa kandi mugukora neza isanduku, ikomeza imigenzo yubukorikori kuva mugihe cyo hagati.
Abashinzwe inganda bavuze ko iterambere ry’ejo hazaza ry’ibiti by’isanduku rizerekeza ku "kurengera ibidukikije, kwishyira ukizana no kugendera ku bipimo". Ku ruhande rumwe, ikoreshwa ryibikoresho birambye bizagurwa kurushaho kugirango bigabanye umutwaro w’ibidukikije mu nganda zishyingura; kurundi ruhande, gutunganya ibiti byabigenewe bizarushaho gukundwa kugirango abantu babone ibyo bakeneye kugirango bagaragare kandi basandugu. Muri icyo gihe kandi, inzego zibishinzwe zizarushaho kunoza ubuziranenge bw’ibiti by’isanduku kugira ngo umutekano wacyo urusheho kurengera ibidukikije, ku buryo ubwoko bwose bw’ibiti by’isanduku bushobora gutwara icyubahiro n’ubushyuhe mu buzima.
